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Azlocillin |
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indicationFor the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus influenzae.pharmacologyAzlocillin, similar to mezlocillin and piperacillin, is an acylampicillin with an extended spectrum of activity and greater in vitro potency than the carboxy penicillins. Azlocillin demonstrates antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and, in contrast to most cephalosporins, exhibits activity against enterococci.mechanism of actionBy binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, azlocillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that azlocillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.biotransformationEliminated predominantly by renal mechanisms, but also undergoes biotransformation within body tissues and intraintestinal degradation by bowel bacteria, with high concentrations found in bile.absorptionNot significantly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.half lifeMean elimination half-life is 1.3 to 1.5 hours. Longer in neonates, and 2 to 6 hours in patients with renal impairment.drug interactionsDemeclocycline: Possible antagonism of actionDoxycycline: Possible antagonism of action Ethinyl Estradiol: This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive Minocycline: Possible antagonism of action Tetracycline: Possible antagonism of action |