A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted. [PubChem] |
Brands | Zefazone
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Categories | Anti-Bacterial Agents Cephalosporins
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Manufacturers | Pharmacia and upjohn co
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Synonyms | Cefmetazole sodium Cefmetazolo [INN-Spanish] Cefmetazolum [INN-Latin]
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indication
For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms.
pharmacology
Cefmetazole is a second-generation cephalosporin. The cephalosporins are bactericidal drugs with both gram-positive and gram-negative activity. They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis in a way similar to the penicillins. Cefmetazole is more active than 1st-generation cephalosporins against indole-positive
Proteus,
Serratia, anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (including
B. fragilis), and some
E. coli,
Klebsiella, and
P. mirabilis, but is less active than cefoxitin or cefotetan against most gram-negative bacilli.
mechanism of action
The bactericidal activity of cefmetazole results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
toxicity
Oral LD
50 in rats is 3,204 mg/kg. With other b-lactam antibiotics, adverse effects following overdosage have included nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and convulsions.
biotransformation
No appreciable metabolism.
absorption
Bioavailability is approximately 100% following intramuscular injection.
half life
1.50 ±0.14 hours