indication

For the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2.

pharmacology

Glisoxepide is a sulfonylurea agent. It stimulates beta cells of the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas to release insulin. It also enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity. Overall it potentiates insulin release and improves insulin dynamics.

mechanism of action

Glisoxepide is a hypoglycemic sulphonylurea agent. The sulphonylureas are a family of drugs based on a common sulphonylurea core. These drugs act via augmentation of secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta-cells. Sulphonylureas may also cause a reduction in serum glucagon and potentiate the action of insulin at the extrapancreatic tissues. Glisoxepide functions as a non-selective K(ATP) channel blocker. It is thought to stimulate insulin secretion by closing the ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels (Kir6.2/SUR1 complex, KATP channels) in pancreatic beta-cells. This inhibits a tonic, hyperpolarizing efflux of potassium, thus causing the electric potential over the membrane to become more positive. This depolarization opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. The rise in intracellular calcium leads to increased fusion of insulin granulae with the cell membrane, and therefore increased secretion of (pro)insulin.

drug interactions

Acebutolol: The beta-blocker, acebutolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Acetylsalicylic acid: Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, glisoxepide.

Atenolol: The beta-blocker, atenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Bisoprolol: The beta-blocker, bisoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Carvedilol: The beta-blocker, carvedilol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Chloramphenicol: Chloramphenicol may increase the effect of sulfonylurea, glisoxepide.

Clofibrate: Clofibrate may increase the effect of sulfonylurea, glisoxepide.

Esmolol: The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Labetalol: The beta-blocker, labetalol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Metoprolol: The beta-blocker, metoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Nadolol: The beta-blocker, nadolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Oxprenolol: The beta-blocker, oxprenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Phenylbutazone: Phenylbutazone increases the effect of the hypoglycemic agent

Pindolol: The beta-blocker, pindolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Propranolol: The beta-blocker, propranolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Rifampin: Rifampin may decrease the effect of sulfonylurea, glisoxepide.

Timolol: The beta-blocker, timolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.