indication

For the treatment of mild or transient episodes of heart block that do not require electric shock or pacemaker therapy also used in management of asthma and chronic bronchitis

pharmacology

Isoproterenol is a relatively selective beta2-adrenergic bronchodilator. Isoproterenol is indicated for the relief of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pharmacologic effects of beta adrenergic agonist drugs, including Isoproterenol, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic- 3',5'- adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP). Increased c-AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

mechanism of action

The pharmacologic effects of isoproterenol are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic AMP. Increased cyclic AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

route of elimination

Excretion following inhalation administration is primarily renal and the major metabolite is the sulfate conjugate of isoproterenol.

drug interactions

Acebutolol: Antagonism

Amitriptyline: The tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Amoxapine: The tricyclic antidepressant, amoxapine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Atenolol: Antagonism

Bisoprolol: Antagonism

Carvedilol: Antagonism

Clomipramine: The tricyclic antidepressant, clomipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Desipramine: The tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Doxepin: The tricyclic antidepressant, doxepin, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Entacapone: Entacapone increases the effect and toxicity of the sympathomimetic, isoproterenol.

Esmolol: Antagonism

Imipramine: The tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Isocarboxazid: Increased arterial pressure

Labetalol: Antagonism

Linezolid: Possible increase of arterial pressure

Methyldopa: Increased arterial pressure

Metoprolol: Antagonism

Midodrine: Increased arterial pressure

Moclobemide: Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Nadolol: Antagonism

Nortriptyline: The tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, increases the sympathomimetic effect of isoproterenol.

Oxprenolol: Antagonism

Phenelzine: Increased arterial pressure

Pindolol: Antagonism

Propranolol: Antagonism

Rasagiline: Increased arterial pressure

Reserpine: Increased arterial pressure

Timolol: Antagonism